Search results for "thermal [radiation]"

showing 10 items of 1167 documents

Heat transfer simulation in a vertical Bridgman CdTe growth configuration

1999

Modelling and numerical simulation of crystal growth processes have been shown to be powerful tools in order to understand the physical effects of different parameters on the growth conditions. In this study a finite difference/control volume technique for the study of heat transfer has been employed. This model takes into account the whole system: furnace temperature profile, air gap between furnace walls and ampoule, ampoule geometry, crucible coating if any, solid and liquid CdTe thermal properties, conduction, convection and radiation of heat and phase change. We have used the commercial code FLUENT for the numerical resolution that can be running on a personal computer. Results show th…

ConvectionChemistryMineralogyMechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal conductionAmpouleControl volumeInorganic ChemistryThermal radiationHeat transferThermalPersonal computerMaterials ChemistryJournal of Crystal Growth
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Magnetic field controlled FZ single crystal growth of intermetallic compounds

2005

Abstract Intermetallic rare-earth-transition-metal compounds with their coexistence of magnetic ordering and superconductivity are still of great scientific interest. The crystal growth of bulk single crystals is very often unsuccessful due to an unfavorable solid–liquid interface geometry enclosing concave fringes. The aim of the work is the contactless control of heat and material transport during floating-zone single crystal growth of intermetallic compounds. This control is provided by a tailored design of the electromagnetic field and the resulting electromagnetically driven convection. Numerical simulations for the determination of the electromagnetic field configuration induced by th…

ConvectionSuperconductivityElectromagnetic fieldMaterials scienceMetallurgyIntermetallicMechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic fieldInorganic ChemistryPhysics::Fluid DynamicsThermal radiationFree surfaceMaterials ChemistryFluid dynamics
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Heterobimetallic MOFs containing tetrathiocyanometallate building blocks: Pressure-induced spin crossover in the porous {Fe II(pz)[Pd II(SCN) 4]} 3D …

2012

Here we describe the synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of two related coordination polymers made up of self-assembling Fe(II) ions, pyrazine (pz), and the tetrathiocyanopalladate anion. Compound {Fe(MeOH) 2[Pd(SCN) 4]}·pz (1a) is a two-dimensional coordination polymer where the Fe(II) ions are equatorially coordinated by the nitrogen atoms of four [Pd(SCN) 4] 2- anions, each of which connects four Fe(II) ions, forming corrugated layers {Fe[Pd(SCN) 4]} ∞. The coordination sphere of Fe(II) is completed by the oxygen atoms of two CH 3OH molecules. The layers stack one on top of each other in such a way that the included pz molecule establishes strong hydrogen bonds with the coordin…

Coordination spherePyrazineCoordination polymerHydrogen bondLigandInorganic chemistryInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistrySpin crossoverMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThermal analysisInorganic Chemistry
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Phase and structural transformations in annealed copper coatings in relation to oxide whisker growth

2015

Abstract We describe structural and phase transformation in copper coatings made of microparticles during heating and annealing in air in the temperature range up to 400 °C. Such thermal treatment is accompanied by intensive CuO nanowhisker growth on the coating surface and the formation of the layered oxide phases (Cu 2 O and CuO) in the coating interior. X-ray diffraction and focused ion beam (FIB) are employed to characterize the multilayer structure of annealed copper coatings. Formation of volumetric defects such as voids and cracks in the coating is demonstrated.

Copper oxideMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)MetallurgyOxideGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryThermal treatmentengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsFocused ion beamCopperSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCoatingWhiskerengineeringComposite materialApplied Surface Science
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Hemocyanin conformational changes associated with SDS-induced phenol oxidase activation.

2007

The enzymatic activity of phenoloxidase is assayed routinely in the presence of SDS. Similar assay conditions elicit phenoloxidase activity in another type 3 copper protein, namely hemocyanin, which normally functions as an oxygen carrier. The nature of the conformational changes induced in type 3 copper proteins by the denaturant SDS is unknown. This comparative study demonstrates that arthropod hemocyanins can be converted from being an oxygen carrier to a form which exhibits phenoloxidase activity by incubation with SDS, with accompanying changes in secondary and tertiary structure. Structural characterisation, using various biophysical methods, suggests that the micellar form of SDS is …

Copper proteinmedicine.medical_treatmentBiophysicschemistry.chemical_elementBiochemistryOxygenProtein Structure SecondaryAnalytical ChemistryScorpionsEnzyme activatorCatalytic DomainHorseshoe CrabsmedicineAnimalsMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationOxidase testMonophenol MonooxygenaseSodium Dodecyl SulfateHemocyaninIsothermal titration calorimetrySpidersProtein tertiary structureProtein Structure TertiaryEnzyme ActivationEnzymechemistryBiochemistryHemocyaninsCopperBiochimica et biophysica acta
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Thermally Induced Structural Modification of Silica Nanoparticles Investigated by Raman and Infrared Absorption Spectroscopies

2010

We report an experimental investigation by Raman and infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopies on the structural modifications induced by isochronal thermal treatments on amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles (fumed silica). In particular, three different commercial types of this material, characterized by particle mean diameters of 7, 14, and 40 nm, were subjected to thermal treatments from 100 up to 1000 °C. We found that some properties of fumed silica, such as the SiOSi mean bond angle, ring size distribution, and surface adsorbed water content, are drastically different from those of common bulk silica materials and intimately related to the particles' dimension. The SiOSi mean bond angle, probed…

Core shellSintering effectAnalytical chemistryDehydroxylationSilica nanoparticleSurface shellThermal treatmentTypical valueNanoparticleSinteringFumed silicaThermal treatmentThree-membered ringeducation.field_of_studyWater contentAdsorbed waterRaman lineAtomic networkSilicaThermally inducedSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSurfaceGeneral EnergysymbolsNetwork structureAbsorption (chemistry)IR measurementMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyStrained structurePopulationInfrared imagingInfrared spectroscopyAbsorptionsymbols.namesakeAdsorptionAbsorption spectroscopyHighly strainedShells (structures)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationFumed silicaNano silica Raman proprieta' strutturaliExperimental investigationParticle mean diameterBond angleStructural modificationSilica materialRaman spectroscopy
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WS2/MoS2 Heterostructures via Thermal Treatment of MoS2 Layers Electrostatically Functionalized with W3S4 Molecular Clusters

2020

The preparation of 2D stacked layers that combine flakes of different nature, gives rise to countless number of heterostructures where new band alignments, defined at the interfaces, control the electronic properties of the system. Among the large family of 2D/2D heterostructures, the one formed by the combination of the most common semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides WS2/MoS2, has awaken great interest due to its photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical properties. Solution as well as dry physical methods have been developed to optimize the synthesis of these heterostructures. Here a suspension of negatively charged MoS2 flakes is mixed with a methanolic solution of a cationic W3S…

CouplingMaterials sciencePhotoluminescencebusiness.industryHeterojunctionThermal treatmentHomogeneous distribution7. Clean energylaw.inventionTransition metallawCluster (physics)OptoelectronicsCalcinationbusiness
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Levels of 186Re populated in thermal neutron capture reaction

2015

Levels of 186 Re have been studied in the thermal neutron capture reaction with an enriched 185 Re target. Evaluation of spectrum measured with GAMS5 allowed to obtain energies and intensities of more than 500 γ -lines assigned to 186 Re. Most of the obtained transitions have been placed in the model-independent level scheme of the doubly odd 186 Re nucleus, taking into account the available data of earlier experiments as well as the results of recent 187 Re(p, d )186 Re reaction measurements. Structure of the 186 Re low-lying levels has been analysed in terms of the particle-plus-rotor coupling model.

CouplingNuclear physicsPhysicsPhysicsQC1-999Thermal neutron captureAtomic physicsEPJ Web of Conferences
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WS 2 /MoS 2 Heterostructures through Thermal Treatment of MoS 2 Layers Electrostatically Functionalized with W 3 S 4 Molecular Clusters

2020

The preparation of 2D stacked layers combining flakes of different nature gives rise to countless numbers of heterostructures where new band alignments, defined at the interfaces, control the electronic properties of the system. Among the large family of 2D/2D heterostructures, the one formed by the combination of the most common semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides, WS2 /MoS2 , has awakened great interest owing to its photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical properties. Solution as well as dry physical methods have been developed to optimize the synthesis of these heterostructures. Here, a suspension of negatively charged MoS2 flakes is mixed with a methanolic solution of a cationi…

CouplingPhotoluminescence010405 organic chemistrybusiness.industryChemistryOrganic ChemistryHeterojunctionGeneral ChemistryThermal treatmentCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyHomogeneous distributionCatalysis0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTransition metallawCluster (physics)OptoelectronicsCalcinationbusinessChemistry – A European Journal
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Thermal modelling of the ATHENA X-IFU filters

2018

Copyright 2018 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited. The X-IFU instrument of the ATHENA mission requires a set of thermal filters to reduce the photon shot noise onto its cryogenic detector and to protect it from molecular contamination. A set of five filters, operating at different nominal temperatures corresponding to the cryostat shield temperatures, is currently baselined. The knowledge of the actual filter temperature profi…

CryostatMaterials scienceCondensed Matter Physic01 natural sciencesthermal simulationSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOpticsthermal filter0103 physical sciencesThermalEmissivityRadiative transferElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsThermal analysis010303 astronomy & astrophysicsX-IFUbusiness.industryElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialDetectorShot noiseComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionATHENAApplied MathematicFilter (video)businessSpace Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray
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